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It's an proxy, also called a proxy server. It's a software which acts to act as an intermediary for server and a client over the internet. With no proxy in place, a client could make a request for the server directly and the server will provide direct access to that resource for the user. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and implement using proxy services, it may provide advantages in terms of better performance as well as privacy, security and much more. In addition, a pass-through proxy acts as an extra security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




In general, the entire set of server hardware and the software that is installed for proxy servers is frequently referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies that are traditionally described as software and also when referring to web servers. This article will present an in-depth description of the two main types: a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own specific usage instance, but they are often confused due to the same namesake convention.




This article will give you details about the types of proxies and what their subtypes are and how they operate in common configurations. In this article you will be able to identify the situations in which you can gain from using a proxy, and select the right solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known by its name of an open proxy, acts as an intermediary for a customer who wishes to make a request via the internet to an origin server. In this case, it's the situation that all requests sent by the user would prefer to be handled by an forward proxy. A forward proxy acting in the place of the client, will scrutinize the request. It is the first thing to determine if the client is allowed to transmit requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either deny any request, or send it on to its original server. The client does not get direct internet access. It only has access to the internet that forward proxy permits it to connect to.




The most frequent applications of forward proxies is to increase privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy makes use of the internet as a client, and in this way, it can make use of an alternative IP address to the client's original IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured and the way it's configured forward proxy could offer a number of choices and permit you to:




Beware of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine limitations based on your geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that offer central security and access via authorizations, for instance in workplaces. When all internet traffic goes through a forward proxy, an administrator can grant only a small number of users connection to the web, that is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place for the client layer that may include multiple devices that have different configurations and clients, the firewall could be put in the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Note that forward proxies need to be manually setup for use while reverse proxies might not be detected from the customer. Depending on the type of IP address that a customer is relayed to the origin server through the forward proxy, privacy and security may be granted, or not be noticed.




There are many possibilities to consider to find forward proxy alternatives:




Apache An open-source, well-known web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another well-known open source web server with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete web server service. It is possible to refer to our step-bystep guide for setting up Squid proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which is more suitable for applications such as peer-to-peer. You could also find out how to set up the Dante proxy to connect private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy serves as a representative for a web server that handles incoming requests from clients for. This web server may be a single server, or multiple servers. Additionally, it can serve as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any case, the request will be received from a user via the internet at large. Most of the time the request will go directly to the server, containing the information that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, and separates it from direct interaction with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user from a client's perspective, using reverse proxy is not any different than interacting with a web server directly. It's the same thing and the client cannot discern the difference. The client makes a request for an item, then gets it with no additional configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is protected centrally.


The sending of traffic according to rules that you decide to define.


Additional functions to cache data.




While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the client layer. Instead of implementing firewalls on the layer of web servers, which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated on that layer called reverse proxy. Additionally eliminating the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers lets them concentrate solely on providing resources.




In the event of multiple servers that are through a reverse proxy,, the reverse proxy also is responsible for controlling which requests go via which server. There could be multiple web servers serving the same content, providing different types of resources or a mix of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol similarly to an ordinary web server but also incorporate application server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to create a reverse proxy to redirect clients to specific servers depending on the requested resource or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also gain from their positioning before web servers, by providing caching functionality. Large static files can be set up with caching rules to avoid having to call web servers for every request. Some solutions allowing users to serve static assets directly without touching the web server at all times. Additionally, reverse proxy can manage the compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as an extremely popular reverse proxy option. Even though Apache can also be a reverse proxy option, the Apache web server also comes with a reverse proxy which is an additional feature for Apache However, Nginx was initially designed for and is focused on the reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Examples



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with an impression of directionality and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic and vice versa, these labels are often confusing because both types of proxy respond to requests and other responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxies is to examine the requirements of the app that you are building.




Reverse proxy is an important tool to develop an option to provide web-based services via the internet. They are your web servers every time you use the internet.




Forward proxy software is useful to show clients' personal use, and even in a professional setting. They serve as the proxy for your client for all communications online.




Separating by use case, instead of using standard naming conventions makes it simpler for people to stay clear of confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes what a proxy is, along with two kinds, which are the forward proxy as well as the reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a brief overview of the most beneficial features were used to distinguish forward proxies from reverse. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxy services, then read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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